ОБНГенетика Russian Journal of Genetics

  • ISSN (Print) 0016-6758
  • ISSN (Online) 3034-5103

ИММУННЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ БАКТЕРИЙ: УВИДЕТЬ ВИРУС И УМЕРЕТЬ

Код статьи
S3034510325110229-1
DOI
10.7868/S3034510325110229
Тип публикации
Статья
Статус публикации
Опубликовано
Авторы
Том/ Выпуск
Том 61 / Номер выпуска 11
Страницы
217-231
Аннотация
Иммунные системы бактерий способны защищать клетки на разных стадиях вирусной инфекции, препятствуя связыванию и проникновению вирусов, разрушая вирусные нуклеиновые кислоты, нарушая репликацию или сборку вирусных частиц. Исследования последних лет показали, что наряду с системами, напрямую атакующими чужеродные элементы, многие защитные системы вызывают гибель зараженной клетки, препятствуя распространению вирусов и плазмид в популяции. Ключевым событием при активации различных иммунных систем является распознавание чужеродных элементов в ходе инфекции. Два типа защитных систем, CRISPR-Cas и белки-аргонавты, напрямую узнают и расщепляют вирусную ДНК или РНК, используя короткие комплементарные гидовые олигонуклеотиды. В то же время недавно открытые группы белков-аргонавтов способны вызывать суицидальный ответ клетки, действуя по механизму абортивной инфекции. В этом случае направленное гидом узнавание вирусной или плазмидной мишени приводит к активации дополнительных белков-эффекторов, нарушающих клеточный метаболизм, разрушающих мембрану или вызывающих неспецифическую деградацию клеточной и вирусной ДНК. Подобные системы являются важными участниками эволюционной гонки между вирусами и бактериями и могут служить инструментами для генетической инженерии и биотехнологии.
Ключевые слова
защитные системы бактерий бактериофаги плазмиды белки-аргонавты абортивная инфекция
Дата публикации
01.11.2025
Год выхода
2025
Всего подписок
0
Всего просмотров
42

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